diff --git a/src/controllers/user.controller.ts b/src/controllers/user.controller.ts
index dab0d9b..937927f 100644
--- a/src/controllers/user.controller.ts
+++ b/src/controllers/user.controller.ts
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export class UserController {
       const ip = typeof req.headers['x-forwarded-for'] === 'string' ? req.headers['x-forwarded-for'].split(',')[0].trim() : req.ip ?? '';
       const userAgent = req.headers['user-agent'] || '';
 
-      const token = await this.userService.create(user.id, ip, userAgent);
+      const token = await this.userService.create(user.velog_uuid, ip, userAgent);
       const typedToken = token as Token10;
 
       const response = new QRLoginTokenResponseDto(
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ export class UserController {
       }
       
       const { decryptedAccessToken, decryptedRefreshToken } = 
-        await this.userService.findUserAndTokensByVelogUUID(found.user.toString());
+        await this.userService.findUserAndTokensByVelogUUID(String(found.user));
 
       res.clearCookie('access_token', this.cookieOption());
       res.clearCookie('refresh_token', this.cookieOption());
diff --git a/src/services/__test__/qr.service.test.ts b/src/services/__test__/qr.service.test.ts
index 9315fac..d5d3fdd 100644
--- a/src/services/__test__/qr.service.test.ts
+++ b/src/services/__test__/qr.service.test.ts
@@ -33,23 +33,44 @@ describe('UserService 의 QRService', () => {
   });
 
   describe('create', () => {
+    const velogUUID = 'uuid-1234';
+    const ip = '127.0.0.1';
+    const userAgent = 'Chrome';
+    
+    const mockUser = {
+      id: 1,
+      velog_uuid: velogUUID,
+      access_token: 'token',
+      refresh_token: 'token',
+      group_id: 1,
+      email: 'test@example.com',
+      is_active: true,
+      created_at: new Date(),
+      updated_at: new Date(),
+    };
+
     it('QR 토큰을 생성하고 반환해야 한다', async () => {
-      const userId = 1;
-      const ip = '127.0.0.1';
-      const userAgent = 'Chrome';
-  
-      const token = await service.create(userId, ip, userAgent);
-  
+      repo.findByUserVelogUUID.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockUser);
+      
+      const token = await service.create(velogUUID, ip, userAgent);
+      
       expect(typeof token).toBe('string');
       expect(token.length).toBe(10);
       expect(/^[A-Za-z0-9\-_.~!]{10}$/.test(token)).toBe(true);
-      expect(repo.createQRLoginToken).toHaveBeenCalledWith(token, userId, ip, userAgent);
+      expect(repo.createQRLoginToken).toHaveBeenCalledWith(token, mockUser.id, ip, userAgent);
+    });
+    
+    it('유저 조회 실패 시 예외 발생', async () => {
+      repo.findByUserVelogUUID.mockResolvedValueOnce(null as unknown as typeof mockUser);
+      
+      await expect(service.create(velogUUID, ip, userAgent)).rejects.toThrow('QR 토큰 생성 실패: 유저 없음');
     });
 
     it('QR 토큰 생성 중 오류 발생 시 예외 발생', async () => {
+      repo.findByUserVelogUUID.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockUser);
       repo.createQRLoginToken.mockRejectedValueOnce(new DBError('생성 실패'));
 
-      await expect(service.create(1, 'ip', 'agent')).rejects.toThrow('생성 실패');
+      await expect(service.create(velogUUID, ip, userAgent)).rejects.toThrow('생성 실패');
     });
   });
 
diff --git a/src/services/user.service.ts b/src/services/user.service.ts
index 13e4073..732a613 100644
--- a/src/services/user.service.ts
+++ b/src/services/user.service.ts
@@ -136,9 +136,14 @@ export class UserService {
     return { user, decryptedAccessToken, decryptedRefreshToken };
   }
 
-  async create(userId: number, ip: string, userAgent: string): Promise<string> {
+  async create(velogUUID: string, ip: string, userAgent: string): Promise<string> {
+    const user = await this.userRepo.findByUserVelogUUID(velogUUID);
+    if (!user) {
+      throw new NotFoundError('QR 토큰 생성 실패: 유저 없음');
+    }
+
     const token = generateRandomToken(10);
-    await this.userRepo.createQRLoginToken(token, userId, ip, userAgent);
+    await this.userRepo.createQRLoginToken(token, user.id, ip, userAgent);
     return token;
   }