md: avoid repeated calls to del_gendisk

[ Upstream commit 90e3bb4 ]

There is a uaf problem which is found by case 23rdev-lifetime:

Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdead000000000122
RIP: 0010:bdi_unregister+0x4b/0x170
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __del_gendisk+0x356/0x3e0
 mddev_unlock+0x351/0x360
 rdev_attr_store+0x217/0x280
 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x14a/0x210
 vfs_write+0x29e/0x550
 ksys_write+0x74/0xf0
 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x380
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7ff5250a177e

The sequence is:
1. rdev remove path gets reconfig_mutex
2. rdev remove path release reconfig_mutex in mddev_unlock
3. md stop calls do_md_stop and sets MD_DELETED
4. rdev remove path calls del_gendisk because MD_DELETED is set
5. md stop path release reconfig_mutex and calls del_gendisk again

So there is a race condition we should resolve. This patch adds a
flag MD_DO_DELETE to avoid the race condition.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20251029063419.21700-1-xni@redhat.com
Fixes: 9e59d60 ("md: call del_gendisk in control path")
Signed-off-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>

Author: XiaoNi87

drivers/md/md.c

@@ -941,7 +941,8 @@ void mddev_unlock(struct mddev *mddev)
 		 * do_md_stop. dm raid only uses md_stop to stop. So dm raid
 		 * doesn't need to check MD_DELETED when getting reconfig lock
 		 */
-		if (test_bit(MD_DELETED, &mddev->flags)) {
+		if (test_bit(MD_DELETED, &mddev->flags) &&
+		    !test_and_set_bit(MD_DO_DELETE, &mddev->flags)) {
 			kobject_del(&mddev->kobj);
 			del_gendisk(mddev->gendisk);
 		}

drivers/md/md.h

@@ -354,6 +354,7 @@ enum mddev_flags {
 	MD_HAS_MULTIPLE_PPLS,
 	MD_NOT_READY,
 	MD_BROKEN,
+	MD_DO_DELETE,
 	MD_DELETED,
 };