diff --git a/src/compiler/checker.ts b/src/compiler/checker.ts
index dfd479127202c..42067e3d7e2ae 100644
--- a/src/compiler/checker.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/checker.ts
@@ -40002,7 +40002,7 @@ export function createTypeChecker(host: TypeCheckerHost): TypeChecker {
         if (type.flags & TypeFlags.UnionOrIntersection) {
             const types = (type as UnionOrIntersectionType).types;
             for (const t of types) {
-                if (maybeTypeOfKind(t, kind)) {
+                if (maybeTypeOfKind(isNoInferType(t) ? (t as SubstitutionType).baseType : t, kind)) {
                     return true;
                 }
             }
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.symbols
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..497afdf04c86d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+//// [tests/cases/conformance/types/typeRelationships/typeInference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts] ////
+
+=== noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts ===
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/61091
+
+type Keys = keyof (NoInfer<{ foo: string }> & {}); // "foo"
+>Keys : Symbol(Keys, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 0, 0))
+>NoInfer : Symbol(NoInfer, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 2, 28))
+
+type LowInfer<T> = T & {};
+>LowInfer : Symbol(LowInfer, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 2, 50))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 4, 14))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 4, 14))
+
+type PropertyAssigner<TContext> = {
+>PropertyAssigner : Symbol(PropertyAssigner, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 4, 26))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 5, 22))
+
+  [K in keyof TContext]?: (context: TContext) => TContext[K];
+>K : Symbol(K, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 6, 3))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 5, 22))
+>context : Symbol(context, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 6, 27))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 5, 22))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 5, 22))
+>K : Symbol(K, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 6, 3))
+
+};
+type Source = {
+>Source : Symbol(Source, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 7, 2))
+
+  count: () => number;
+>count : Symbol(count, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 8, 15))
+
+};
+type Target = PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number }>>>;
+>Target : Symbol(Target, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 10, 2))
+>PropertyAssigner : Symbol(PropertyAssigner, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 4, 26))
+>LowInfer : Symbol(LowInfer, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 2, 50))
+>NoInfer : Symbol(NoInfer, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+>count : Symbol(count, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 11, 49))
+
+declare const source: Source;
+>source : Symbol(source, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 12, 13))
+>Source : Symbol(Source, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 7, 2))
+
+const target: Target = source; // ok
+>target : Symbol(target, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 13, 5))
+>Target : Symbol(Target, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 10, 2))
+>source : Symbol(source, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 12, 13))
+
+type ActionFunction<TContext> = {
+>ActionFunction : Symbol(ActionFunction, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 13, 30))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 15, 20))
+
+  (args: { context: TContext }): void;
+>args : Symbol(args, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 16, 3))
+>context : Symbol(context, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 16, 10))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 15, 20))
+
+  _out_TContext?: TContext;
+>_out_TContext : Symbol(_out_TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 16, 38))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 15, 20))
+
+};
+
+type TransitionsConfig<TContext> = Record<
+>TransitionsConfig : Symbol(TransitionsConfig, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 18, 2))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 20, 23))
+>Record : Symbol(Record, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+
+  string,
+  {
+    actions?: ActionFunction<TContext>;
+>actions : Symbol(actions, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 22, 3))
+>ActionFunction : Symbol(ActionFunction, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 13, 30))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 20, 23))
+  }
+>;
+
+declare function assign<TContext>(
+>assign : Symbol(assign, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 25, 2))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 27, 24))
+
+  assignment: PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<TContext>>,
+>assignment : Symbol(assignment, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 27, 34))
+>PropertyAssigner : Symbol(PropertyAssigner, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 4, 26))
+>LowInfer : Symbol(LowInfer, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 2, 50))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 27, 24))
+
+): ActionFunction<TContext>;
+>ActionFunction : Symbol(ActionFunction, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 13, 30))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 27, 24))
+
+declare function createMachine<TContext>(config: {
+>createMachine : Symbol(createMachine, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 29, 28))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 31, 31))
+>config : Symbol(config, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 31, 41))
+
+  types?: {
+>types : Symbol(types, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 31, 50))
+
+    context?: TContext;
+>context : Symbol(context, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 32, 11))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 31, 31))
+
+  };
+  on?: TransitionsConfig<NoInfer<TContext>>;
+>on : Symbol(on, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 34, 4))
+>TransitionsConfig : Symbol(TransitionsConfig, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 18, 2))
+>NoInfer : Symbol(NoInfer, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+>TContext : Symbol(TContext, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 31, 31))
+
+}): void;
+
+createMachine({
+>createMachine : Symbol(createMachine, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 29, 28))
+
+  types: {
+>types : Symbol(types, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 38, 15))
+
+    context: {
+>context : Symbol(context, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 39, 10))
+
+      count: 0,
+>count : Symbol(count, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 40, 14))
+
+    },
+  },
+  on: {
+>on : Symbol(on, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 43, 4))
+
+    FOO: {
+>FOO : Symbol(FOO, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 44, 7))
+
+      actions: assign({
+>actions : Symbol(actions, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 45, 10))
+>assign : Symbol(assign, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 25, 2))
+
+        count: (context) => context.count + 1,
+>count : Symbol(count, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 46, 23))
+>context : Symbol(context, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 47, 16))
+>context.count : Symbol(count, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 40, 14))
+>context : Symbol(context, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 47, 16))
+>count : Symbol(count, Decl(noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts, 40, 14))
+
+      }),
+    },
+  },
+});
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.types b/tests/baselines/reference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.types
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..f351608d6dc8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.types
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+//// [tests/cases/conformance/types/typeRelationships/typeInference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts] ////
+
+=== noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts ===
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/61091
+
+type Keys = keyof (NoInfer<{ foo: string }> & {}); // "foo"
+>Keys : "foo"
+>     : ^^^^^
+>foo : string
+>    : ^^^^^^
+
+type LowInfer<T> = T & {};
+>LowInfer : LowInfer<T>
+>         : ^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+type PropertyAssigner<TContext> = {
+>PropertyAssigner : PropertyAssigner<TContext>
+>                 : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+  [K in keyof TContext]?: (context: TContext) => TContext[K];
+>context : TContext
+>        : ^^^^^^^^
+
+};
+type Source = {
+>Source : Source
+>       : ^^^^^^
+
+  count: () => number;
+>count : () => number
+>      : ^^^^^^      
+
+};
+type Target = PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number }>>>;
+>Target : PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>>
+>       : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^      ^^^^^^
+>count : number
+>      : ^^^^^^
+
+declare const source: Source;
+>source : Source
+>       : ^^^^^^
+
+const target: Target = source; // ok
+>target : PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>>
+>       : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^      ^^^^^^
+>source : Source
+>       : ^^^^^^
+
+type ActionFunction<TContext> = {
+>ActionFunction : ActionFunction<TContext>
+>               : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+  (args: { context: TContext }): void;
+>args : { context: TContext; }
+>     : ^^^^^^^^^^^        ^^^
+>context : TContext
+>        : ^^^^^^^^
+
+  _out_TContext?: TContext;
+>_out_TContext : TContext | undefined
+>              : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+};
+
+type TransitionsConfig<TContext> = Record<
+>TransitionsConfig : TransitionsConfig<TContext>
+>                  : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+  string,
+  {
+    actions?: ActionFunction<TContext>;
+>actions : ActionFunction<TContext> | undefined
+>        : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+  }
+>;
+
+declare function assign<TContext>(
+>assign : <TContext>(assignment: PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<TContext>>) => ActionFunction<TContext>
+>       : ^        ^^          ^^                                    ^^^^^                        
+
+  assignment: PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<TContext>>,
+>assignment : PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<TContext>>
+>           : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+): ActionFunction<TContext>;
+
+declare function createMachine<TContext>(config: {
+>createMachine : <TContext>(config: { types?: { context?: TContext; }; on?: TransitionsConfig<NoInfer<TContext>>; }) => void
+>              : ^        ^^      ^^                                                                               ^^^^^    
+>config : { types?: { context?: TContext; }; on?: TransitionsConfig<NoInfer<TContext>>; }
+>       : ^^^^^^^^^^                       ^^^^^^^                                    ^^^
+
+  types?: {
+>types : { context?: TContext; } | undefined
+>      : ^^^^^^^^^^^^        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+    context?: TContext;
+>context : TContext | undefined
+>        : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+  };
+  on?: TransitionsConfig<NoInfer<TContext>>;
+>on : TransitionsConfig<NoInfer<TContext>> | undefined
+>   : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+}): void;
+
+createMachine({
+>createMachine({  types: {    context: {      count: 0,    },  },  on: {    FOO: {      actions: assign({        count: (context) => context.count + 1,      }),    },  },}) : void
+>                                                                                                                                                                            : ^^^^
+>createMachine : <TContext>(config: { types?: { context?: TContext; }; on?: TransitionsConfig<NoInfer<TContext>>; }) => void
+>              : ^        ^^      ^^                                                                               ^^^^^    
+>{  types: {    context: {      count: 0,    },  },  on: {    FOO: {      actions: assign({        count: (context) => context.count + 1,      }),    },  },} : { types: { context: { count: number; }; }; on: { FOO: { actions: ActionFunction<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>; }; }; }
+>                                                                                                                                                             : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+  types: {
+>types : { context: { count: number; }; }
+>      : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>{    context: {      count: 0,    },  } : { context: { count: number; }; }
+>                                        : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+    context: {
+>context : { count: number; }
+>        : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>{      count: 0,    } : { count: number; }
+>                      : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+      count: 0,
+>count : number
+>      : ^^^^^^
+>0 : 0
+>  : ^
+
+    },
+  },
+  on: {
+>on : { FOO: { actions: ActionFunction<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>; }; }
+>   : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>{    FOO: {      actions: assign({        count: (context) => context.count + 1,      }),    },  } : { FOO: { actions: ActionFunction<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>; }; }
+>                                                                                                   : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+    FOO: {
+>FOO : { actions: ActionFunction<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>; }
+>    : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>{      actions: assign({        count: (context) => context.count + 1,      }),    } : { actions: ActionFunction<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>; }
+>                                                                                     : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+      actions: assign({
+>actions : ActionFunction<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>
+>        : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>assign({        count: (context) => context.count + 1,      }) : ActionFunction<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>
+>                                                               : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>assign : <TContext>(assignment: PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<TContext>>) => ActionFunction<TContext>
+>       : ^        ^^          ^^                                    ^^^^^                        
+>{        count: (context) => context.count + 1,      } : { count: (context: LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>) => number; }
+>                                                       : ^^^^^^^^^^       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+        count: (context) => context.count + 1,
+>count : (context: LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>) => number
+>      : ^       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>(context) => context.count + 1 : (context: LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>) => number
+>                               : ^       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>context : LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>
+>        : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>context.count + 1 : number
+>                  : ^^^^^^
+>context.count : number
+>              : ^^^^^^
+>context : LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number; }>>
+>        : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>count : number
+>      : ^^^^^^
+>1 : 1
+>  : ^
+
+      }),
+    },
+  },
+});
+
diff --git a/tests/cases/conformance/types/typeRelationships/typeInference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts b/tests/cases/conformance/types/typeRelationships/typeInference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..b409f9509774e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/conformance/types/typeRelationships/typeInference/noInferIntersectedWithEmptyObjectKeyof1.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// @strict: true
+// @noEmit: true
+
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/61091
+
+type Keys = keyof (NoInfer<{ foo: string }> & {}); // "foo"
+
+type LowInfer<T> = T & {};
+type PropertyAssigner<TContext> = {
+  [K in keyof TContext]?: (context: TContext) => TContext[K];
+};
+type Source = {
+  count: () => number;
+};
+type Target = PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<NoInfer<{ count: number }>>>;
+declare const source: Source;
+const target: Target = source; // ok
+
+type ActionFunction<TContext> = {
+  (args: { context: TContext }): void;
+  _out_TContext?: TContext;
+};
+
+type TransitionsConfig<TContext> = Record<
+  string,
+  {
+    actions?: ActionFunction<TContext>;
+  }
+>;
+
+declare function assign<TContext>(
+  assignment: PropertyAssigner<LowInfer<TContext>>,
+): ActionFunction<TContext>;
+
+declare function createMachine<TContext>(config: {
+  types?: {
+    context?: TContext;
+  };
+  on?: TransitionsConfig<NoInfer<TContext>>;
+}): void;
+
+createMachine({
+  types: {
+    context: {
+      count: 0,
+    },
+  },
+  on: {
+    FOO: {
+      actions: assign({
+        count: (context) => context.count + 1,
+      }),
+    },
+  },
+});